General Information

  • ID:  hor003317
  • Uniprot ID:  P04094
  • Protein name:  PENK(239-260)
  • Gene name:  Penk
  • Organism:  Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
  • Family:  Opioid neuropeptide precursor family
  • Source:  Animal
  • Expression:  Expressed in brain, heart and testis.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Rattus (genus), Murinae (subfamily), Muridae (family), Muroidea, Myomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires, Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0001515 opioid peptide activity; GO:0031628 opioid receptor binding; GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation; GO:0001662 behavioral fear response; GO:0001666 response to hypoxia; GO:0001964 startle response; GO:0002118 aggressive behavior; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission; GO:0007600 sensory perception; GO:0007626 locomotory behavior; GO:0009617 response to bacterium; GO:0009636 response to toxic substance; GO:0014009 glial cell proliferation; GO:0019226 transmission of nerve impulse; GO:0019233 sensory perception of pain; GO:0032355 response to estradiol; GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide; GO:0034599 cellular response to oxidative stress; GO:0035094 response to nicotine; GO:0035641 locomotory exploration behavior; GO:0035902 response to immobilization stress; GO:0038003 G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway; GO:0045471 response to ethanol; GO:0051592 response to calcium ion; GO:0051867 general adaptation syndrome, behavioral process; GO:0071305 cellular response to vitamin D; GO:0071320 cellular response to cAMP; GO:0071560 cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus; GO:0071871 response to epinephrine; GO:0098586 cellular response to virus; GO:0099538 synaptic signaling via neuropeptide; GO:1900452 regulation of long-term synaptic depression; GO:2000987 positive regulation of behavioral fear response
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005886 plasma membrane; GO:0030424 axon; GO:0030425 dendrite; GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle; GO:0032280 symmetric synapse; GO:0034466 chromaffin granule lumen; GO:0034592 synaptic vesicle lumen; GO:0043025 neuronal cell body; GO:0043204 perikaryon; GO:0043679 axon terminus; GO:0070852 cell body fiber; GO:0099013 neuronal dense core vesicle lumen

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  FAESLPSDEEGESYSKEVPEME
  • Length:  22(239-260)
  • Propeptide:  MAQFLRLCIWLLALGSCLLATVQADCSQDCAKCSYRLVRPGDINFLACTLECEGQLPSFKIWETCKDLLQVSKPEFPWDNIDMYKDSSKQDESHLLAKKYGGFMKRYGGFMKKMDELYPVEPEEEANGGEILAKRYGGFMKKDADEGDTLANSSDLLKELLGTGDNRAKDSHQQESTNNDEDSTSKRYGGFMRGLKRSPQLEDEAKELQKRYGGFMRRVGRPEWWMDYQKRYGGFLKRFAESLPSDEEGESYSKE
  • Signal peptide:  MAQFLRLCIWLLALGSCLLATVQA
  • Modification:  T15 Phosphoserine
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  [Met-enkephalin]: Neuropeptide that competes with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P04094-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor003317_AF2.pdbhor003317_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 286432 Formula: C106H157N23O44S
Absent amino acids: CHINQRTW Common amino acids: E
pI: 3.46 Basic residues: 1
Polar residues: 6 Hydrophobic residues: 4
Hydrophobicity: -115.91 Boman Index: -5864
Half-Life: 1.1 hour Half-Life Yeast: 3 min
Half-Life E.Coli: 2 min Aliphatic Index 35.45
Instability Index: 7260.91 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 1490
Absorbance 280nm: 70.95

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  19164277
  • Title:  Discovering New Bioactive Neuropeptides in the Striatum Secretome Using in Vivo Microdialysis and Versatile Proteomics